What Makes an Effective Thyroid Diet?

The first step in treating a thyroid disease is to address the causes of thyroid dysfunction such as inflammation, nutrient deficiencies, hormonal changes due to stress, and overuse of medications. Most patients prefer to do this through a thyroid diet.

A thyroid diet is a special diet that eliminates foods that may cause immune reactions and inflammations while focusing on foods that help balance hormones, reduce inflammation, and heal the GI tract. Below, we look at foods that should be included in the thyroid diet, foods that should never appear in the diet, and various supplements that can be used alongside the diet to fast track the healing process.

Foods to focus on

  • Wild-caught fish

Wild-caught fish are rich in Omega-3 fatty acids EPA/DHA which help with hormonal balance and thus improve thyroid function. Omega-3 fatty acids in a thyroid diet also help to reduce inflammation and support neurological function. They are also known to boost mood and support a healthy immune system. There are many types of fish with high Omega-3 content. However, experts recommend salmon, mackerel, and sardines.

  • coconut oil on the wooden spoonCoconut oil

Coconut oil contains medium-chain fatty acids in the form of capric acid, caprylic acid, and lauric acid that support healthy metabolism, fight fatigue, and increase energy. An ever-present in any thyroid diet, the oil nourishes the digestive system, improves immunity, enhances brain function, and has antioxidant, antibacterial, and antimicrobial properties that help in suppressing inflammation.

  • High-fiber foods

Fiber improves heart health, supports healthy weight, and balances blood sugar. You should aim for between 30 to 40 grams of the nutrient daily. This can be achieved by taking lots of fresh vegetables, berries, seeds, lentils, and beans.

  • Sprouted seeds

Hemp, chia seeds, and flax provide ALA, a rare type of Omega-3 fat that is critical in hormonal balance. ALA also supports healthy mood and brain function while lowering inflammation. Plenty of sprouted seeds in a thyroid diet also stabilize blood sugar and help with healthy weight.

  • Bone broth

Chicken and beef broth contain amino acids I-glycine and I-proline which help with repair of the digestive lining. The broths also nourish the digestive tract, help overcome food sensitivities, reduce fatigue, improve energy, increase immunity, and lower muscle and joint pains.

  • Probiotic-rich foods

These include kimchi, kombucha, kefir (a fermented dairy product), fermented veggies, sauerkraut, and organic goat’s milk yogurt. They help create a healthy gut environment by balancing microflora bacteria and reducing leaky gut syndrome, inflammation, nutrient deficiencies, and autoimmune reactions.

  • Seaweeds

Natural weeds are some of the best sources of iodine – a critical element in the thyroid diet. Kelp, dulse, and nori are the preferred choices here.

  • Fruits and vegetables

These are rich in vitamins and minerals as well as antioxidants and help combat free-radical damage while lowering inflammation. They also support healthy brain function, hormone balance, heart health, and healthy weight.

  • Clean water

Water is needed for hydration and digestive function. Drinking at least eight ounces of water every two hour can prevent constipation, low energy, and sugar cravings.

Foods to avoid

  • Refined flour products

High-carbohydrate products such as enriched wheat flour negatively impact hormone levels which can lead to weight gain. Products such as bread, pastas, cereals, and baked goods should therefore be minimized or removed altogether from a thyroid diet. Instead, people with thyroid problems should choose flour made from 100% whole ancient grains such as buckwheat and quinoa.

  • Goitrogen foods

Goitrogens are substances that interfere with the production of thyroid hormones by interrupting iodine uptake in thyroid glands. As such, all foods in this category including raw broccoli, cabbage, cauliflower, soy, kale, and Brussels sprouts should be avoided. If you must take these vegetables, steam them for at least 30 minutes and keep portions moderate in size.

  • Gluten

Most people with thyroid problems are sensitive to gluten while some have celiac disease, an autoimmune disease which causes allergy to gluten. The best advice therefore is to keep away from gluten-rich foods such as wheat, rye, and barley products. Gluten sensitivity may raise inflammation, worsen hormonal problems, and create nutritional deficiencies.

  • Sugar

Sugar disrupts hormone balance, can cause fatigue, and has the potential to worsen depression and weight gain. Since people with thyroid issues already find it difficult losing weight, it’s best to avoid sugar-filled foods.

  • Conventional dairy products

Dairy products can be problematic to the thyroid as they are known to trigger reactions that raise inflammatory responses.

  • Tap water

Finally, avoid tap water as it contains chlorine and fluorine, two elements that inhibit iodine absorption.

Natural remedies to speed up the healing process

  • Ashwagandha (500 milligrams daily)

This is an adaptogen herb known to help the body respond to stress by lowering cortisol and balancing T4 levels. Patients will realize increased thyroxine hormone levels which reduces the severity of thyroid disease

  • Iodine (150-300 micrograms daily)

Supplementary iodine can cause significant changes in thyroid hormone function. Combine the supplements with natural iodine sources such as eggs, sea vegetables, and seaweed for best results.

  • Selenium (200 micrograms daily)

Selenium is essential for the production of T3 thyroid hormones that help in reducing autoimmune effects. It also decreases anti-thyroid antibody levels while improving the structure of the thyroid gland.

  • L-tyrosine (1,000 milligrams daily)

L-tyrosine is an amino acid used in synthesizing thyroid hormones. Supplementing the substance can improve sleep deprivation, combat fatigue, and improve mood.

  • Fish oil (1,000 milligrams daily)

Lastly, fish oil contains essential DHA and EPA Omega-3 amino acids that are critical for brain activity and thyroid function. These amino acids lower risk of thyroid symptoms such as anxiety, high cholesterol, depression, arthritis, diabetes, and weakened immune system. They also balance Omega-6 levels in the diet which can go a long way in improving health.

I have heard many thyroid supplements contain these natural remedies. In fact, recently the Huffington Post came out with an article regarding these thyroid supplements. I will be looking into this further as I believe others should as well.

A thyroid diet based upon this list can quickly relieve symptoms, effectively setting the patient on the path to recovery. Remember to collaborate with a licensed physician throughout the treatment period to help monitor your progress while providing valuable advice along the way.

Normal Thyroid Levels and Methods of Testing

blood sample for thyroid panel test

The thyroid gland is tasked with the production and regulation of two main hormones, T3 (triiodothyronine) and T4 (thyroxine). These hormones in turn regulate numerous body processes like energy generation, metabolism and ultimately mood fluctuations. Knowing the health-state of your thyroid glands is thus critical as you may unknowingly be experiencing hyperthyroidism or hypothyroidism which are both fluctuations from normal thyroid levels.

Hyperthyroidism – This happens then there is overproduction of hormones and may result in tremors, heightened anxiety, weight loss and generally a feeling of being on a constant high.

Hypothyroidism – When there are insufficient hormones being produced, and individual may experience depression, weight gain and a lack of energy.

If you experience either of these symptoms, it is advisable to see a doctor for testing to ascertain the cause of your ailment. To arrive at conclusive test results, the doctor will probably order a broad scope of tests, each targeting the individual T3 and T4 hormones. These tests also reveal whether the problem lies in the thyroid’s structure or functions. With the high frequency of thyroid dysfunction, practicing physicians should be well equipped conduct the T3, T4, T3RU and TSH thyroid level tests.

Normal thyroid levels

Though a tiny gland located in front of the larynx, the thyroid keeps the entire body functionality in harmony. It dictates your heartbeat, the clarity of your brain, the body’s temperature and the functioning every cell and organ in entirety. The hormones produced in the thyroid travel through the bloodstream and influence activities throughout the body. When out of balance, you may easily think it is a case of body fatigue but the loss of rhythm should be reason enough for you to worry. Though doctors are yet to agree on the normal thyroid levels, most laboratories seem to draw a clear line between high and normal thyroid levels. While high secretions of thyroid hormones result in ‘optimal’ body functions such as a good mood and appetite, in retrospect however, the body may be working too much and wearing-out its own cells.

Thyroid function tests

The T3 RIA Test

As referenced in this thyroid study, a normally functioning thyroid gland produces 20% of triiodothyronine (T3). In some instances, a diseased gland produces abnormally high amounts of T3 while still producing the healthy amount of T4 required by the body. T3 levels are assessed using radioimmunoassay using the T3 dextro isomer; this has a 99% affinity to T3 and only 1% affinity for T4. The normal range for T3 in the bloodstream should ideally be between 80 ng/dl and 230 ng/dl. This is however dependent on the antibody used and the assay conditions during the test.

During this test for normal thyroid levels there is a fine line between hyperthyroid and normal patients because overproduction of T3 leads to heightened activities within the body. Test results show that patients who are hypothyroid portray normal amounts of the T3 serum while those who are euthyroid have high concentrations of T3 in their bloodstreams. For this reason, the T3 test is not conclusive enough to diagnose cases of hypothyroidism but should instead be conducted along other tests.

The T4 RIA Test

Also measured by radioimmunoassay, this revolves around the use of the T4 dextro isomer; as a binding agent. It has a high affinity for T4 whose optimal production by the thyroid gland is 80%. Though it is naturally occurring in the body, dextro isomer is in minute quantities which are not measurable. Though the antibody has affinity for both T4 and T3, the latter’s concentration in the plasma is one fifteenth that of T4 and thus introduces negligible errors.

According to a study published in 2007, Dr. Surks states, in ideal situations, the concentration of T4 in the bloodstream should be between 5 ug/dl and 12 ug/dl. Of all the thyroid tests, T4 by radioimmunoassay is the most used. After applying the corrective measures to reduce the errors, the test is referred to as T7 once it is combined with T3RU. It conclusively shows the amount of thyroxine and is reputed as the best measure for normal thyroid levels especially when the patient doesn’t take any form of thyroid medication.

The TRH Test

TRH is produced by the hypothalamus and this hormone influences the pituitary gland produce and distribute TSH. Under normal circumstances, TSH maintains a baseline of 5 but when a patient is injected with TRH, the baseline elevates to between 10 and 20. As a test that check for both T3 and T4 without specificity, patients who are experiencing excess amounts of either of these hormones do not react to a TRH injection; their TSH baseline is already in the 10-20 range indicating that they may either be suffering from hyperthyroidism or hypothyroidism.

Presently, the TRH test is the best bet of detecting hyperthyroidism in its initial stages. In instances where patients depict a baseline of 40 and above after TSH injection, this undisputedly indicates hypothyroidism. Apart from testing for normal thyroid levels, the TRH test can also be used on cancer patients on thyroid replacement medication to determine whether they are taking sufficient medication. Occasionally, the test may be used by physicians to assess the functioning of the pituitary gland.

Using TSH to detect thyroid gland failure

A new version of TSH has led to limited use of the TRH test in many clinical settings. Using immunoradiometric assay, the method used to measure the pituitary’s production ability of TSH, spiking levels of TSH are an early indication of the onset of thyroid failure. Under normal circumstances, only low levels of TSH, lower than 5 units, are required to maintain the functionality of the thyroid gland. According to Thyroid Advisor’s article on Normal Thyroid Levels, in early hypothyroidism, there is overproduction of TSH even when T4 and T3 production remains within the normal range. The elevated TSH levels in such cases are an indication of the diminishing circulation of the thyroid hormones throughout the body and consequently, the onset of the thyroid gland’s failure.

As opposed to the earlier TSH test, the new test indicates low TSH levels whenever the thyroid is overly stimulated; this response is normal as the pituitary is acting to reduce the thyroid’s hyperactivity. Since the TSH level interpretations are dependent on the thyroid hormonal levels, the new TSH test should be conducted alongside other tests like T4 and T3.

The T3RU Test

This test indirectly measures TBG’s (Thyroid Binding Globulin) binding capacity. It is essential in the determination of low or high levels of T4 since patients portraying signs of these conditions may not necessarily have abnormal T4 production but rather abnormal rates of TBG. The T3RU test should be conducted alongside the T4 RIA test since there can be a false attribution of thyroid dysfunction when the T4 test is conducted solely.

Patients experiencing hyperthyroidism portray saturated levels of TBG but they may not necessarily have abnormal productions on the T4. The Resin uptake is naturally high when an individual has low concentrations of TBG. As a way of assessing normal thyroid levels, the T3RU test accurately assess the thyroid’s functionality by checking for both hyperthyroidism and hypothyroidism, a feat most tests cannot achieve simultaneously. When conducted with the T4 test, the T3RU not only indicates fluctuating T4 levels but also highlights the cause of the fluctuation. Due to this, high T3RU levels indicate low concentrations of both T4 and TBG.

Iodine Uptake Scan

In order to make the thyroid hormone, the gland uses iodine absorbed from the bloodstream from the food we take. The amount of iodine taken up by the thyroid is thus a means of measuring its functionality. Hyperthyroid patients are fond of taking excessive amount of iodine while hypothyroid patients take insufficient amounts of the same. A ‘Thyroid Uptake’ is used to measure the precise iodine amount absorbed by this gland; ideally, the patient should ingest radioactive iodine on an empty stomach for the physician to draw an accurate conclusion. For individuals already on thyroid medications, their glands won’t take up much iodine since the medications have turned off their thyroids. Since the thyroid may at times take up iodine but fail in converting it to thyroid hormones, it is advisable to carry out this test alongside the blood tests discussed earlier.

Thyroid Scan

Just as in iodine uptake scan, assessing normal thyroid levels in a patient using thyroid scan requires the ingestion of radioisotope which should then be left to concentrate in and around the thyroid; these two tests can thus be conducted concurrently. A camera scan, which takes between 5 and 10 minutes, is conducted using a gamma camera which detects the radioisotope elements in the thyroid. For a clarified image of the thyroid gland however, the CRT (Computerized Rectilinear Thyroid) scanner is the best bet. It obtains a life size image of the thyroid, making it easier for your physician to study.

Since radioactive elements are used in both of these tests, pregnant women are strictly advised against taking either of these tests as their unborn child is at the risk of developing thyroid defects in the process. These two last tests are the least popular since they only provide the basic information on thyroid status without delving into the causes of thyroid dysfunctions.

A thyroid scan is useful in:

  • Assessing the state of thyroid cancer patients following a surgery
  • Assessing the location and size of goiter before treatment
  • Making out nodules and ascertaining whether they are ‘hot’ or ‘cold’
  • Making out thyroid tissues in the chest or the base of the tongue
  • Common symptoms for hypothyroidism include;
  • Depression and random irritability
  • Intolerance to cold conditions
  • Brittle and dry hair
  • Problems recollecting memory
  • A slow heart rate
  • General body fatigue
  • Gaining weight
  • High levels of cholesterol in the bloodstream
  • A sluggish bowel and constipation

Common symptoms for hyperthyroidism include;

  • Nervousness and random irritability
  • Intolerance to hot conditions
  • Swelling of the thyroid gland
  • Waves of tremors
  • Insomnia
  • Loss of weight
  • Random and frequent bowel movement
  • Mind fatigue

These symptoms are not exclusive to a deficit in normal thyroid levels and as such, consulting with a physician is the best way to find out whether you are suffering from thyroid dysfunction. Thyroid tests have advantages and disadvantages and it is important to make sure you pick the one that is right for you.

Advantages of thyroid blood tests

Blood tests are the most accurate way of determining the hormonal levels in your blood. Apart from delivering accurate results, they get to the root cause of hyperthyroidism or hypothyroidism as the case might be. The most common risk factors of the thyroid disease are age, personal history, family history as well as gender (with women facing a greater risk of developing it). Other factors that can be avoided to steer clear of this ailment are:

  • Smoking cigarettes – this results in autoimmune thyroid ailment. Among the hundreds of chemicals contained in cigarettes, thiocyanate is an anti-thyroid agent which promotes the occurrence of hypothyroidism
  • Iodine deficiency or excessive intake – this results in hypothyroidism and hyperthyroidism respectively. Insufficient iodine also leads to the development of goiter which directly affects the thyroid gland’s functions
  • Soy foods – apart from causing hypothyroidism, soy foods inhibit the body’s ability to absorb thyroid medicines. Though there is no consensus on the topic from different researchers, substantial research suggests that those at a high risk of developing thyroid disease should avoid soy foods.
  • Exposure to radiation – radiation causes all forms of cancer including thyroid cancer. The Chernobyl nuclear accident is a true depiction of this.
  • Exposure to surgical antiseptic – as much as the antiseptic cleans, exposure to open wound during surgery has far-reaching consequences.

The knowledge of these and more ways to prevent thyroid diseases is invaluable and can be derived from blood tests conducted by seasoned physicians.

Disadvantages of thyroid tests

Thyroid tests that require the intake of radioactive isotopes such as iodine uptake scan and Thyroid scan are inherently dangerous to unborn infant. This means that pregnant women cannot undertake these options even when it is in their best interest. They run the risk of exposing their unborn to development defects.

Blood tests conducted have to be counter checked alongside other tests since none of them can give accurate results on its own. Lab experts will thus take up a considerable amount of time before knowing the precise cause of thyroid disease in women. They all have their limitations as there is yet to be a development of a single test which assess normal thyroid levels independently.

Statistically, women are 6-8 times more likely to develop thyroid diseases than men. Checking with your physician for normal thyroid levels is highly advised as you will be in a position to take precautionary or corrective measures as advised.

Armour Thyroid vs. Synthroid

scanning of a thyroid

medically accurate illustration of the thyroid glandAccording to the American Thyroid Association, close to 20 million Americans suffer from thyroid disorders. 60% of patients are even unaware of their condition. The good news is most thyroid conditions respond well to treatment. People with hypothyroidism use Armour Thyroid and Synthroid to treat these conditions.

Armour Thyroid

Armour Thyroid is made from the thyroid glands of pigs. It contains levothyroxine (T4) and liothyronine (T3). Its inactive ingredients are dextrose, calcium stearate, opadry white, sodium starch glycolate, and microcrystalline. The drug is an effective cure for an underactive thyroid and works by replacing or supplying more thyroid hormone. It is completely natural.

Levels of thyroid hormone can decrease naturally or when the gland is surgically removed or harmed by medication/radiation. Thyroid hormone is vital for optimal health. It helps you to maintain physical and mental activity. It also helps children to develop physically and mentally.

Armour Thyroid not only treats hypothyroidism, it also treats other medical conditions like goiter, nodular thyroid disease, and thyroid cancer.

Dosage

Your dosage depends on the nature of your condition, lab test results, and how your body reacts to Armour Thyroid. Age and weight determine dosage for child patients. Take the medicine orally, once a day, 30 minutes or 1 hour before breakfast.

This thyroid hormone is usually given orally but may be administered intravenously if a patient is not able to take it orally – like those suffering from myxedema coma. Armour Thyroid should not be given intramuscularly as it is not properly absorbed by the body.

For the best results, use the drug regularly. Take it at the same time every day so you don’t forget. Remember that thyroid replacement medication is taken for life. Do not stop taking it without seeking medical advice.

Side Effects of Armour Thyroid

According to Thyroid Supplement Reviews, a website that ranks thyroid supplements in an effort to find the best thyroid supplement, when you first start using Armour Thyroid, you may experience hair loss. However, this will likely stop after your body adjusts to Armour Thyroid. If hair loss persists or gets worse, consult a doctor or a pharmacist. Many patients using this medication do not report serious side effects. Some of the rare side effects of Armour Thyroid include:

  • Headaches
  • Shaking/tremors
  • Mood changes
  • Enhanced sweating
  • Diarrhea
  • Sensitivity to heat
  • Shortness of breath
  • Fatigue

Serious side effects include:

  • Seizures
  • Severe dizziness
  • Fast or irregular heartbeat
  • Swollen hands/feet/ankles
  • Chest pain
  • Difficulty breathing
  • Serious allergic reactions like swelling/itching of the face, tongue, or throat

This list is not exhaustive. If you notice other side effects that are not listed here, seek professional advice.

Precautions

If you are allergic to pork, you may be allergic to Armour Thyroid. The inactive ingredients in the product can also trigger other allergies or side effects. If you have suffered from (or suffer from) any of the following medical conditions, tell your Endocrinologist.

  • Heart disease
  • Diabetes
  • Reduced adrenal gland function
  • High blood pressure
  • Hyperthyroidism

Don’t take this medication to treat infertility unless your condition is caused by hypothyroidism. Armour Thyroid is safe to use during pregnancy but you may need to alter your dose. The elderly may be sensitive to it and experience serious side effects.

Drug Interactions

Some drugs or herbal products can interfere with the way Armour Thyroid works. They may trigger severe side effects or prevent the medicine from functioning altogether. Some drugs that may interact with Armour Thyroid include:

  • Blood thinners
  • Iodine medication
  • Insulin and diabetes treatment
  • Aspirin
  • Steroids
  • Contraceptives

Armour Thyroid and Weight Loss

This drug functions by increasing the body’s thyroid hormone levels. It alleviates the symptoms of hypothyroidism, one of which is a slow metabolism that causes weight gain. As your rate of metabolism improves, you start losing weight. Most people who take Armour Thyroid experience weight loss.

Synthroid

According to Thyroid Advisor, a website that contains helpful articles and thyroid supplement reviews, Synthroid is a synthetically engineered version of thyroxine (T4) that is virtually identical to the hormone bodies produce. It contains Levothyroxine and its inactive ingredients are acacia, lactose monohydrate, talc, povidone, magnesium stearate, and confectioner’s sugar. Since it has no thyroxine, the body derives the hormone from Levothyroxine.

Synthroid is also used to treat hypothyroidism and works by increasing the levels of thyroid hormone. Just like Armour Thyroid, it can treat other thyroid disorders like goiter and thyroid cancer.

Dosage

This drug should be taken orally with a glass of water once a day on an empty stomach. Swallow a capsule whole and don’t chew, crush, or split it. When giving it to an infant, crush it and mix it with 1-2 teaspoons of water. Appropriate dosage requires tests to be conducted every 6 to 8 weeks to monitor thyroxine levels.
Side Effects of Synthroid

No serious side effects are associated with this medicine. However, some patients have reported negative effects such as:

  • Sleeping problemslevothyroxine
  • Anxiety and irritability
  • Headaches
  • Sweating and hot flashes
  • Pounding heartbeats
  • Irregular or heavy menstrual periods
  • Hair loss

Seek professional advice if you experience any of these allergic reactions:

  • Hives
  • Swelling of the throat, face or tongue
  • Difficulty breathing

Precautions

Do not take Synthroid if you are allergic to it. If you suffer from other allergies, consult a pharmacist first. It is also important to discuss your medical history with your doctor before you start taking the medicine.

Interactions

Some medications inhibit thyroid hormone absorption or enhance your risk for negative side effects. They include:

  • Simethicone
  • Antacids
  • Calcium supplements
  • Sevelamer
  • Iron
  • Cholestramine

Synthroid and Weight Loss

Weight loss is one of the side effects of this drug. Many people suffering from hypothyroidism gain weight because the condition slows down metabolism. Synthroid corrects metabolic processes, helping users to lose weight. For many patients, weight loss is a pleasant surprise.

Armour Thyroid vs. Synthroid

Some patients prefer Armour Thyroid while others prefer Synthroid. While one is completely natural and the other is synthetic, they are both great cures for hypothyroidism. Consult an endocrinologist to determine the best treatment for your condition. Be sure to tell him about your pre-existing medical conditions and current medications.